Purpose: The purpose of this applied research is to study the effectiveness of gamification on corporate training.  Methodology: A gamified course was designed and implemented to train the location of Fire Hosing Cabinet for 24 employees of a firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental research plan (post-test only control group design) the participants of the study were randomly assigned to treatment (12) and control (12) groups and trained for a week.  Conclusion: The descriptive and interpretive result of the posttest analyses indicated the effectiveness of gamification of the training performed for the employees of the firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Moreover, the descriptive result of Gamification Acceptance Questionnaire answered by the members of the experimental group after gamified training indicated that all the participants in the experimental group were satisfied with the gamified training course.

In this paper, an integrated machine scheduling with its due date setting problem has been considered. It is assumed that the machine is subject to some kind of random UNAVAILABILITY. Due dates should be set in an attractive and reliable manner, implying that they should be short and possible to be met. To this end, first, long due dates are penalized in the objective function. Then, for each customer order, the probability of meeting his/her promised due date is forced to be at least as large as his/her required service level. To handle this integrated problem, first, the optimal due date formula for any arbitrary sequence is derived. By using this formula, the mathematical programming formulation of the problem, including a nonlinear non-convex expression, is developed. By defining a piecewise linear under-estimator, the solutions of the resultant mixed integer linear programming formulation have become the lower bounds of the problem. Dynasearch is a very efficient heuristic utilizing the dynamic programming approach to search exponential neighborhoods in the polynomial time. An iterated dynasearch heuristic is developed for the sequencing part of the problem. Each generated sequence is evaluated by computing its optimal due dates using the above-mentioned formula. Numerical results confirmed the high quality of the solutions found by this algorithm, as compared with the lower bound.

Background: China rolled out the national essential medicines policy (NEMP) in primary care in 2009 and led to some unintended consequences including UNAVAILABILITY of essential medicines. This study examined patients’ coping behaviors to these unintended consequences of NEMP as well as the potential impact on primary care system development in Hangzhou, a developed city of China. Methods: We conducted qualitative interviews and surveys with service users, primary care physicians (PCPs), and specialists in tertiary hospitals. Qualitative findings informed the design of the survey questionnaires. Main outcomes included patients’ coping behaviors after the NEMP implementation, as well as providers’ perceptions of NEMP’ s impact on primary care development. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data and descriptive analysis of the survey data were conducted. Results: Unintended effects of NEMP included frequent UNAVAILABILITY of certain essential drugs, leading to patient flow from primary care to hospital outpatient clinics for drug refills, difficulties in the provision of continuing care in primary care, as well as compromised patient trust in PCPs. In total, 1248 service users completed the questionnaires. A total of 132 (10. 6%) were aged 60 years or above. Among 153 (57. 7%) of the 265 who had some chronic condition(s) and needed long-term medication treatment, 60. 1% went to hospitals for refills. Four-hundred sixty PCPs and 651 specialists were recruited. Among 404 PCPs who were aware of the NEMP policy implementation in their facility, 169 (41. 8%) reported that there was often a shortage of drugs at their facilities and 44 (10. 9%) reported always. Moreover, 68. 6% of these PCPs thought that the NEMP could not meet their patients’ needs. Further, 44. 2% (220/498) of specialists who were aware of the NEMP policy in primary care reported that they often heard patients complaining about the policy. In total, 53. 1% of PCPs and 42. 4% of specialists disagreed that NEMP helped direct patient flow to community-based care. Conclusion: NEMP’ s unintended effects undermined patients’ utilization of primary care in a developed city in China and led to unnecessary hospital visits. Countermeasures are needed to mitigate the negative impacts of NEMP on the primary care system.

Enormous loss of production time in machining, handling and assembly operations is caused mainly by RESOURCES’ UNAVAILABILITY. For this reason companies, both large and small, should optimize the production processes with the detection and elimination in advance of the majority of possible mistakes and disturbances that could cause deadlocks in the production process. The optimization tools which are available on the market are usually too expensive for smaller companies, which search for their competitive position in small quantity production. Therefore, a low cost simulation tool for the optimization of the resource present management is presented in this paper, where RESOURCES are treated as one of the main parameters in the production process and which could also enable smaller companies to optimize their production processes from the resource presence viewpoint.

Introduction: Bile acid synthesis disorder is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder, which is mainly diagnosed by detecting mutations in the genes encoding enzymes that are involved in bile metabolism, including
, 4-3-oxosteroid-5,-reductase and 3,-
, 5-hydroxy-C27-steroid oxidoreductase. The enzymatic impairments can result in the accumulation of atypical and hepatotoxic bile acid intermediates, which clinically lead to cholestasis and progress to cirrhosis and hepatic failure. Herein, we describe a case of bile acid synthesis disorder diagnosed using molecular genetic assessment. Case Presentation: A 7-year-old girl is presented with failure to thrive since early in life. She had a history of urinary tract infection at four years of age. The sonography was performed at that time and revealed renal microcalculi. She also had a history of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. She underwent upper endoscopies three times to rule out celiac disease,nevertheless, duodenal biopsies were all reported as normal. Muscle weakness was detected at five years of age and electromyography and muscle biopsy findings were non-specific. She underwent a whole-genome study and was diagnosed with bile acid synthesis disorder (BASD). After six months, she was treated with ursodeoxycholic acid, 250 mg, which led to growth compensation and liver enzyme reduction. No adverse effect was reported during the treatment. Conclusions: Bile acid synthesis disorder is a rare disorder with non-specific features and several organ involvements. It may take several years to achieve the correct diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first genetically confirmed case of bile acid synthesis disorder reported in Iran.

Harirud river with an international nature is shared between Afghanistan, Iran and Turkmenistan and currently there is no treaty among these states regarding the division of its water RESOURCES. In recent years, after the construction of the Doosti Dam by Iran and Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, as an upstream state is moving towards hydro-hegemonic policy in the region by building various dams which restrain and divert the water flow of this river in order to decrease the downstream countries’ water rights. On the other hand, due to the high importance of Harirud water RESOURCES for Iran, continuing this type of behavior by Afghanistan might cause conflicts and create security risks among these countries in the near future. Therefore, employing a descriptive-analytical approach, the study aims at examining the issue according to international legal documents in the field of sharing common water RESOURCES. Finally, the findings indicate that the best and most practical method for exploitation of Harirud water RESOURCES is based on the theory of limited territorial sovereignty and implementation of the principle of equitable and reasonable utilization of common water RESOURCES by Afghanistan, without causing significant harm to downstream states.

In real world scheduling applications, machines might not be available during certain time periods due to deterministic or stochastic causes. In this article, the machine scheduling with availability constraints for both deterministic and stochastic cases with different environments, constraints and performance measures will be discussed. The existing body of research work in the literature will be completely reviewed and the NP-complete models will be identified.

The combination of natural and unnatural RESOURCES exporting has a great importance for the economic improvement of countries, so that if natural RESOURCES exporting is replaced by unnatural RESOURCES exporting, amount of exporting will be unchanged, but production will reduce in unnatural resource exporting part. on the other hand if natural RESOURCES exporting income is spent for importing, some parts of unnatural RESOURCES exporting will be damaged. Because of topicʼ simporting, some parts of unnatural RESOURCES exporting will be damaged. Because of topicʼ s importance, in this article the effects of natural RESOURCES exporting on unnatural RESOURCES exporting and importing is studied in 18 countries which have fuel, metals and minerals and in 2000-2016. As results show in those countries which their economic has a great dependency on natural RESOURCES exporting, the natural RESOURCES exporting will reduce unnatural RESOURCES exporting and will increase importing, although in countries with low incomes, in undeveloped countries and in countries with powerful government, the natural RESOURCES exporting will reduce the unnatural RESOURCES exporting, but in countries with powerful government the affect is less and natural resource exporting will reinforce unnatural RESOURCES exporting.

Stakeholder analysis is essential in any adaptive comanagement. In the meantime, different words are used to name and separate stakeholders. The main purpose of this article is to clarify the term of stakeholder and their types in good governance of natural RESOURCES (water, issues of natural habitats, and environmental problems). By applying a descriptive-analytic method, the paper identifies the semantic difference among the word of stakeholders and those such as beneficiaries and authorities. It then divides the stakeholders into two main categories and 11 groups. The findings of the study indicate that the lack of proper vocabulary, coupled with a misunderstanding or limited understanding of the term of natural RESOURCES’ stakeholders, alone is sufficient to defeat plans of or to destroy natural RESOURCES. It also argues that nowadays the discussions of stakeholder analysis and stakeholder engagement are important because balancing the dissimilar needs, desires, and expectations by different stakeholders is more important than ever, and of course, it has become more complex. As a result, identifying, analyzing, and engaging stakeholders is the basis of participatory management and sustainable conservation. Finally, there is a need for open policies to attract stakeholder engagement.